“By means of glasses, hotbeds, and hotwalls, very good grapes can be raised in Scotland, and very good wine too can be made of them at about thirty times the expense for which at least equally good can be brought from foreign countries. Would it be a reasonable law to prohibit the importation of all foreign wines, merely to encourage the making of claret and burgundy in Scotland?”—Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations
Here’s something to think about regarding the possibility of tariffs and how they will affect vehicle pricing and/or availability.
David Christ, group vice president, general manager-Toyota Division, Toyota Motor North America, pointed out yesterday (the day after the election) at a meeting of the Automotive Press Association, that Toyota has 10 manufacturing plants in the U.S. It is building its 11th in North Carolina that will open in 2025 for the production of batteries for electrified vehicles. A $13.9-billion plant.
Certainly a solid U.S. footprint. It employs some 49,000 in the U.S.
Christ said an issue with tariffs is that things not necessarily visible to the end consumer—like parts—can have a big effect.
He said, for example, that the Camry is about 90% U.S. by content. But that means 10% comes from out of the country.
That’s because Toyota, like other manufacturers, has a global supply chain.
OEMs don’t make everything that goes into their vehicles. And suppliers of components not only have to find the lowest-cost places to produce their products, but they need a sufficient number of customers for a given part to be produced in a given plant, so with those two factors they are likely to be located somewhere that isn’t necessarily the U.S.
So regardless of the high level of domestic content, that 10% will drive up the cost of the car.
Who benefits from that?
For customers, this makes the vehicle less affordable.
A costlier vehicle might mean fewer of them are purchased.
Fewer cars purchased means fewer cars built.
Fewer cars being built means fewer hours are necessary for people to work.
The trail of consequences continues. Makes you want to reach for a domestic claret or burgundy.
And while it might be thought that this is something that is not an issue for the traditional domestic manufacturers like Ford and General Motors, it is worth noting that in the 2024 Cars.com American-Made Index, which takes into account assembly location, parts content, engine origin, transmission origin and U.S. manufacturing workforce, the top-10 most-American vehicles are:
- Tesla Model Y
- Honda Passport
- VW ID.4
- Tesla Model S
- Honda Odyssey
- Honda Ridgeline
- Toyota Camry
- Jeep Gladiator
- Telsa Model X
- Lexus TX
What you don’t see is either Ford or General Motors. And as Jeep is owned by Stellantis and as Stellantis is headquartered in Hoofddorp, Netherlands, it can no longer be considered a “traditional domestic.” But the folks that build the Gladiator in Toledo, Ohio, still certainly are.
(In case you are wondering: the highest-ranking vehicle from GM is the Chevy Colorado, at #23. Ford makes it at #29 with the Lincoln Corsair. Which means the cost of tariffs would be higher for them.)
“Free and fair trade is the best way to go,” Christ said.
Adam Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations in 1776. That idea has been kicking around for quite some time.
